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Saturday, May 28, 2011

How to Replace an Air Filter in car?

Open the hood and locate your air filter box. Before working under the hood, make sure the hood struts (if applicable) are strong enough to support the weight. If the struts are weak, use a prop to keep the hood from falling.
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Release the clips or remove the mounting screws from the filter box cover.
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Lift the cover off the filter box and remove the old air filter. Remember the direction the filter is facing for installation reference.
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Vacuum out the filter box and wipe it down with a damp cloth if it is dirty. Do not use compressed air to clean the filter box assembly.

Install the new air filter into the filter box.
Re-install the filter box cover.

Install the clamps or tighten the screws to secure the cover. Make sure the air filter box is properly sealed.

Check the air intake and vacuum hoses for cracks. Make sure the hose connections to the filter box cover are secure.

How to Replace car Window Belt Strap?

Locate the window belt strips.Visually inspect the belt strips for cracking, missing sections or any other damage that would require replacement.
6774Photo may not be specific to your vehicleLower the window to its lowest position.

Using a pocket screw driver, carefully pry the belt strip away from the door panels.
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Once a corner of the belt strip has been pried out, use a pair of needle nose pliers to carefully pull the belt strip out of its position and away from the clips.Snap the new belt strip into place using the existing clips.After the belt strip has been installed, roll the window up to ensure proper sealing and fit.

How to Replace a Tire Valve Stem in car?

Secure the vehicle on a level surface, making sure the car will not roll or lean when jacked up.Using a tire iron, break loose the wheel lug nuts but do not remove. Raise the vehicle with a floor jack.Secure the vehicle with a jack stand before starting any work. The pinch welds and the frame are the two best locations. Do not rely on the jack to hold the vehicle up while working.
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Remove the wheel lug nuts. Remove the tire and wheel assembly.To deflate the tire, remove the Schrader valve from inside the valve stem.Break the bead of the tire using a tire machine.Remove the bad valve stem.Install the new valve stem.Inflate the tire to seat the bead. Set the tire pressure to manufacturer's recommendations.Re-balance the tire/wheel assembly.
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Re-install tire/wheel assembly on vehicle.Torque lug nuts to manufacturer's specifications.

How to Align car wheels?

Road test vehicle on flat surface.Drive vehicle onto the alignment rack. Inspect front suspension components for any excessive wear. Repair as needed.
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Enter vehicle's information into alignment machine to obtain manufacturer's alignment specifications.Install alignment heads on vehicle's wheels.Center and level heads on wheels.
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Adjust vehicle's alignment.Road test vehicle, assure vehicle drives straight and steering wheel is centered.

How to Bleed Brakes?

Park your vehicle on a solid level surface and set the parking brake.Open the hood and locate the brake master cylinder reservoir.
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Siphon the old brake fluid from the master cylinder reservoir with a turkey baster. Refill the reservoir with clean brake fluid that meets OE specifications (DOT 3 or DOT 4).Using a floor jack, lift up the front of your vehicle and support it with jack stands. Then lift up the rear of your vehicle and support it with jack stands.
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Place a 1 x 4 block of wood under the brake pedal to prevent the pedal from traveling too far.Locate the brake bleeder valve behind the right rear wheel. The bleeder valve is attached to the brake wheel cylinder or the brake caliper.Install a piece of clear plastic tubing over the brake bleeder valve and insert the other end into a clear container, filled with 2 to 3 inches of clean brake fluid.
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Have your assistant pump the brake pedal several times and then hold it down.Slowly open the bleeder valve. After the old fluid and air bubbles stop flowing, tighten the bleeder valve and then have your assistant slowly release the pedal.
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Repeat this process until clean fluid comes out of the bleeder valve and there are no more air bubbles.

Check and refill the master cylinder. Do not allow the master cylinder to drain completely.Repeat the bleeding process for the rest of the wheels in the following order: Left rear wheel, right front wheel, left front wheel.Verify that the master cylinder reservoir is full and you have a solid brake pedal. Lower the vehicle to the ground and perform a road test.

How to Replace a Battery

Open the hood and locate your battery.Check the battery voltage with a digital multimeter. If the battery voltage is less than 12 volts, charge the battery and perform a load test. Performing a load test will confirm if the battery is good or bad.First, remove the negative battery cable from the battery. Wrap the cable end in a towel and set it away from the battery.
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Next, remove the positive battery cable from the battery.
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Remove the battery hold-down or clamp.
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Note which direction the battery terminals are facing. Remove the battery from the battery tray.
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Clean the battery tray and hold-down with water.Place the new battery into the battery tray with the terminals on the proper side. Re-install the hold-down or clamp.Clean the battery cable ends (connectors) and the battery posts with a wire brush.First, place the positive cable end on the positive battery post. Tighten the cable bolt.Next, place the negative cable end on the negative battery post. Tighten the cable bolt.After the new battery is installed, start the engine and check the charging system with a digital multimeter. The battery voltage should read between 13.5 to 14.5 volts.
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How to Troubleshoot a Check Engine Light?

Start your vehicle.Locate your check engine light and monitor its status.
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Verify that the check engine light is on while the engine is running.Connect scanner to the OBD output.
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Follow the OBD Scanner's instructions to retrieve diagnostic trouble code(s).

Troubleshoot all possible symptoms that relate to the diagnostic trouble code(s).
FOR EXAMPLE READ THIS:---
Ex: P0300 – Random/Multiple Cylinder Misfire Detected
This code indicates that the vehicle's onboard computer has detected that not all of the engine's cylinders are firing properly.
The last 2 digits of the code represent the detected cylinder. In this case 00 is a random cylinder misfire code. A P0301 would be a misfire detected on cylinder 1. It will be much easier to diagnose if a specific cylinder is detected.There are numerous components that could set a misfire code. Below is a list of possible components that could be at fault:
Faulty Spark Plug Wire(s) and/or Plug(s)
Faulty Coil Pack(s)
Faulty Fuel Injector(s)
Faulty Oxygen Sensor(s)
Faulty Catalytic Converter(s)
Once you have diagnosed the problem that set the check engine light on, you must now replace the faulty component(s).Once the new component(s) has been replaced, use the OBD Scanner to erase the diagnostic trouble code(s).Start your vehicle and monitor the status of the check engine light.If further diagnosing is required, these steps must be repeated until the check engine light is no longer on.

How to Replace a Brake Caliper?

Park your vehicle on a solid level surface. Set the parking brake and chock the rear wheels.Remove the front wheel hub caps if applicable. Using a tire iron, break loose the front wheel lug nuts but do not remove.Using a floor jack, lift up the front of your vehicle.Secure the vehicle with jack stands on both sides for safety before starting any work. The pinch welds or the frame rails are the two best locations. Do not rely on the jack to hold the vehicle up while working.Remove the front wheel lug nuts. Remove the front wheels and set them aside.Inspect the brake caliper for any signs of binding. Look for rust and uneven brake pad wear.
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Remove the brake caliper mounting bolts (sliding bolts). Remove the brake caliper. Remove the disc pads if they are attached to the caliper.Support the caliper up and away from the working area. Do not allow the caliper to hang by the brake hose.Clean and lubricate the sliding bolts.Attach the disc pads to the new caliper if applicable. Install the new caliper over the brake disc (rotor). Attach the caliper to the mounting bracket with the sliding bolts. Tighten the caliper sliding bolts to the manufacturer's specifications.Disconnect the brake line from the old caliper. Attach the brake line to the new caliper using new copper washers. Tighten the banjo bolt to the manufacturer's specifications.Repeat for the other side. Bleed the front brakes.Reinstall the front wheels. Snug down the lug nuts.Remove jack stands and lower the vehicle to the ground. Torque the lug nuts to the manufacturer's specifications in a star pattern.Verify that you have a solid brake pedal. Road test the vehicle to verify brake caliper repair.

How to Replace a Brake Booster?

With the engine off, step on the brake pedal several times to relieve the brake booster of vacuum.Press the brake pedal down and start the engine. Verify that the brake pedal sinks slightly. Turn off engine.Remove the vacuum hose from the brake booster.Remove the brake lines from the master cylinder. Remove the master cylinder from the brake booster. Plug the fittings to prevent brake fluid seepage.Disconnect the brake pedal from the push rod.Have an assistant hold the brake booster from inside the engine compartment. Remove the nuts that hold the brake booster to the firewall. These nuts are usually located under the dash on the interior of the firewall.Remove the brake booster.Install the new brake booster to the firewall. Tighten the mounting nuts.Connect the push rod to the brake pedal.Connect the vacuum hose to the brake booster.Attach the master cylinder to the new brake booster and reconnect the brake lines.Bleed the brakes at the master cylinder.

Red flashing light on Kyocera FS-920 Laser Printer?

There are 2 possibility to cause your printer acting like this:
1) Green Off, Red Fast-Flashing = Paper Jam or waiting for jam reset.
2) Green Off, Red Slow-Flashing = Paper Empty or Paper tray is not inserted.

If it is condition 1) then just remove the jam paper then open and close the Top Cover to clear the error.
If it is condition 2) then insert some paper in the paper tray.

But if still red light is flashing, then its paper sensor error.The paper sensor which detects the paper is got moved from its position or its got cracked broken.Remove the toner cartridge out and blow compressed air in the printer and also remove the paper tray out and refit it. This will help.

how to replace ink cartridges from epson sx115 printer?

When you switch the printer on, there should be a red flashing light with a button next to it on the left hand panel (near the top).
Lift the top to access the print mechanism and cartridge carriage.
Press the ink button once, the carriage will move from the right to the left, it will stop in front of a triangular protrusion which is the indicator. This indicator will be pointing at the cartridge that needs replacing (so make a mental note).
Press the ink button again and the carriage will travel back to the right and settle in a gap which allows you access to the cartridges.
Remove the cartridge indicated by pressing the front clip of the cartridge in and lifting it out. Then remove the yellow sticky tape covering the air vent on the cartridge. If there is a insert placed between the cartridge and cartridge clip, then remove that also. Now insert the replacement cartridge in the ink carriage and gently, but firmly press down on the cartridge until you feel it click into place.
Press the ink button again and the ink carriage will move back and forth, go through a cleaning cycle before settling down on the right hand side out of reach.
(If more than one cartridge needs to be replaced, then each time you press the ink button, the carriage will move to indicate the other cartridges in turn, before moving over to the right hand side to allow you access to the cartridges for replacement)

Friday, May 27, 2011

Car stereo wring procedure?

Overview of Car Stereo Systems


  • A car stereo system consists of 4 main components and the wiring that connects them. These are the head unit, the main speakers, optional amplifiers and the sub-woofers, which are also optional but generally considered a necessary part of any good system.
  • Know that the core of any car stereo is the head unit, which is the cassette or CD player that goes in the dash. All the other components are connected to the head unit by at least one pair of wires.

  • Know about car speakers. The main speakers are usually 2 in the front and 2 in the back, although with what are known as component speakers, each speaker is broken down into two speakers: one for the highs and one for the bass. Each speaker or speaker set (known as a channel) connects to the head unit via a pair of wires. Generally if you are installing a new head unit you want to install new speakers.

  • Know about amplifiers. Amplifiers provide extra power to your speakers and/or extra channels of power for additional speakers. The most common use for an amplifier (amp) is to power subwoofers. The amp connects to your head unit via an RCA cable and often a "remote on" wire, and also connects directly to your car battery through a fused "hot" wire and to the car's chassis with a short ground wire. This article assumes the use of a single amplifier connected to a pair of subwoofers. If you do not have these components simply ignore the steps specific to the amp, doing so will not affect the rest of your installation.

  • Know about subwoofers. Subwoofers are part of any good stereo system. They provide the deep bass that small speakers cannot achieve. Subwoofers are connected to the amplifier which can usually be mounted right to the subwoofer box. If you do not have subwoofers you can simply ignore the steps specific to them.

Preparing for the Installation

  • Be properly prepared. This is extremely important since you do not want to realize you're missing something in the middle of the installation.

  • Purchase the following: A car stereo wire harness which connects the existing wiring for your old head unit to your new one (this will be specific to BOTH the model and year of your car AND to the make of your new head unit); an amplifier wiring kit which will contain all the wires to get power and signal to your amplifier; six feet of 14-gauge speaker wire for the subwoofers. Your speakers should have come with their own speaker wires.

  • Obtain a guide to removing the dash, doors panels (or whatever compartment the speakers are in), and floor molding of your car. You may be able to find a guide for this online. If not, you can get a repair manual for your car at most automotive stores and online).

  • Gather the following tools: Screwdrivers to fit the job, pliers, wire cutters, wire strippers, a utility knife, sand paper or a file, electrical tape, a 9-volt battery, and any other tools that the instructions for installing the head unit and your car guides specify.

The Installation

  • Disconnect the ground (negative) cable from your battery first and foremost. NEVER work on the electrical system of your car with this connected.

  • Install your new speakers. Start by removing the paneling of the speaker enclosure. Unscrew and disconnect the old speaker.

    Ideally the speaker wire will be connected to the old speakers with a metal clip that can then slide right on to your new ones. If not, cut the wire off the old speakers, strip about half an inch of it, then cut the last 6 inches or so off the speaker wire that came with your speakers so you have the proper connectors with a little wire attached, strip a half inch of those wires and twist connect them to the existing speaker wire. Bend the twists so they are in-line with the wire and wrap each connection in electrical tape so no wire is showing to protect them.

    Attach the connectors to your new speaker. Make sure to connect the negative wire (-/black) to the negative terminal on the speaker and the positive wire (+/red or white) to the positive one. Screw the speaker in place. If you have component speakers, and therefore a crossover, make sure the crossover is secured in the speaker compartment so that it does not bounce around while you drive.

    Wait to put the speaker enclosures back together until you have installed the head unit.

  • Follow the instructions you got for removing whatever part of the dash covers it and take out your existing head unit. Connect the car stereo wire harness to the connector that was attached to your old radio and attach the other end to your new one. Connect the antenna cable (the single wire with the big plug at the end) to your new head unit as well.

    If the speaker wires are separate from the harness connect them using the method of stripping, twisting, and taping described above. Do this one at a time or use masking tape to label the wire to avoid confusion. If you are having trouble figuring out which wires go to which speaker or which is positive and negative read the tip at the bottom of this section.

    Do not put your new head unit into the dash yet-you still need to connect the amplifier to it. Put the speaker enclosures back together now.

  • Attach the thick positive (+/red) power cable for your amplifier to the connector on positive terminal of your battery. The kit you purchased should have come with an o-ring on one end of the wire (you may have to crimp it on yourself, if so do it on the end with the fuse), this ring can be sandwiched in the bolt on the connector that connects your car to the battery.

  • Put the fuse in the fuse holder.

  • Run the power cable through the firewall of your car (there is usually an opening on the drivers side) and along to the back of the car where your amp is. It is usually best to run this wire under the plastic molding that goes along the bottom edge of your car, you never want the power cable to come near any speaker wires. At the same time run the remote on wire (a really thin wire from the amplifier wiring kit), through the dash where the head unit will sit, along with the power cable to the amp.

  • On the other side of the car run the RCA signal cable through the dash from the head unit to the amp (it's a pair of wires together with connectors on each end).

  • In the back of the car pick exactly where your amp and subwoofers are going to go. Part of choosing this is that the thick black ground cable (negative) needs to have a place to connect to the metal frame of your car. This should be as short as possible, you never want the ground cable to be longer than 3 feet.

  • Find a good screw or bolt, take if off and sandpaper the metal surface that the o-ring will make contact with, then screw it down tightly.

  • Attach the RCA signal cable and the remote on cable to your head unit and attach the power, ground, RCA signal, and remote on wires to your amp.

  • If you have not already done so, place your subwoofer box in the trunk and attach your amplifier to it if that is what you are doing. If you are not going to screw your amp to the subwoofer box then it must be secured to something else.

  • Attach the 14-gauge speaker wires to the left and right channels of the amplifier and to the speaker connectors of the subwoofer box.

  • Mount your head unit into the dash. Double check all of the connections on the back of it to make sure they are secure. Then slide your head unit into its slot in the dash and screw it securely in place. Before you re-attach the dash, reconnect the ground (negative) cable to your car battery and turn the stereo on and move around the car listening to each speaker to make sure everything is working properly. Then put the dash back on.--------------------------------

    Install a Car Stereo Speaker Wire Through a Front Door:--------------

  • Remove the door panel from your car's door. The exact method depends upon your specific vehicle, but as a general rule first remove any visible screws from the panel, then pry around the edge of the door panel with a panel tool to release any retaining clips. Lift the panel upwards and away from the door and disconnect any wiring for power door locks or window controls.Remove the kick panel from the car. This is the plastic panel in front of the door and below the dash. As with the door, remove any visible screws and then pry off the panel.Find the entrance to the rubber boot that vehicle wiring runs through to reach the door. This will be at the back edge of the kick panel.Tape the end of your speaker wire to a stiff wire. A straightened coat hanger works well for the purpose.Push the end of the wire through the rubber boot until you can see it emerge into the door cavity. The space may be tight, so be patient and try to angle the wire if you hit any obstructions or tight spots along the way.Un-tape the speaker wire from the stiff wire and pull as much wire into the door as you require for hookup.